Yintoni uBomi beNkonzo ye-Cooling Towers?

Njengezixhobo ezingundoqo zokutshatyalaliswa kobushushu kwifriji yezoshishino kunye neenkqubo zomoya ophakathi, iinqaba zokupholisa azikho ubomi benkonzo esisigxina, ehlanganiswe ngokudibeneyo yizinto ezine eziphambili: uhlobo lwezixhobo, izinto eziphambili, iimeko zokusebenza kunye nokugcinwa kwemihla ngemihla.

 

 

Uluhlu lwenkonzo oluyiliweyo lwezixhobo eziqhelekileyo kushishino lucacile. Isixhobo sinokufikelela kubomi benkonzo obuyilwe phantsi komsebenzi oqhelekileyo kunye nokugcinwa, ngelixa ukugcinwa okungonelanga kuya kunciphisa kakhulu umjikelo wenkonzo yayo. Kukho i-gap ephawulekayo kubomi benkonzo phakathi kweengxenye zokunxiba ezingundoqo kunye nesakhelo esiphambili, esiya kucaciswa ngezantsi sidityaniswe neemeko zangempela zokusebenza.

 

 

 

 

Kukho umahluko ocacileyo kubomi benkonzo phakathi kokuvulaiinqaba zokupholisakunye neenqaba zokupholisa ezivaliweyo ngokohlobo lwesakhiwo. I-fiberglass eqhelekileyo evulekileyo yokupholisa inqaba yenzelwe ukusebenza iminyaka eyi-15 ukuya kwengama-20, kwaye iqokobhe layo lenqaba libonisa ukuxhathisa okuhle kokubola.

 

 

 

Nangona kunjalo, ukuzaliswa kukunxibelelana ngokuthe ngqo nomoya kunye nokungcola ixesha elide. Ukuzaliswa kwe-PVC kuya kukhula kwaye kube brittle kwisithuba se-3 ukuya kwiminyaka emi-5 kuphela, ngelixa ukuzaliswa kwePP kunokwandisa ubomi benkonzo ukuya kwi-6 ukuya kwiminyaka eyi-8, efuna ukutshintshwa rhoqo ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kokutshintshisana kobushushu.

 

Isakhelo sentsimbi eshushu -yediphu iinqaba ezivulekileyo zentsimbi sihlala iminyaka eli-10 ukuya kweli-15. Kwiindawo eziselunxwemeni ezinetyuwa eninzi kunye neemeko zemichiza ene-asidi kunye ne-alkali, i-galvanized layer ichaphazeleka kakhulu kwi-corrosion kunye nokubhoboza kwiminyaka emi-5, okukhokelela ekunciphiseni ngokukhawuleza kwamandla okwakhiwa.

 

 

 

 

Iinqaba zokupholisa ezivaliweyo zamkele isakhiwo sokutshintshiselana kobushushu be-coil, apho i-medium yangaphakathi ingadibani nothuli lwangaphandle kunye ne-microorganisms, inciphisa kakhulu ingozi yokubola kunye nokunyuka.

 

Inqaba yokupholisa eqhelekileyo evaliweyonge 304 coils steel stainless uqhayisa ubomi benkonzo iyonke 20 ukuya 25 iminyaka. Abo baxhotyiswe nge-316L yensimbi engenasici ifanelekile kwizicelo zeekhemikhali kunye nonxweme, kwaye banokusebenza ngokuqhubekayo iminyaka engama-25 ukuya kwe-30 kunye nokugcinwa okusemgangathweni.

 

 

Imibhobho ejikelezayo yangaphakathi ihlala icocekile ixesha elide{0}}, kwaye isitshizi sangaphandle kuphela esifuna ukucocwa rhoqo kunye nokutshintshwa, okukhokelela kumjikelo wolondolozo omde kakhulu kuneenqaba ezivulekileyo.

 

 

 

 

 

 

I-Material yeyona nto iphambili emisela umda ophezulu wobomi benkonzo yenqaba yokupholisa. Amaqokobhe e-fiberglass e-FRP ayaxhathisa iasidi kunye nealkali kwaye anomhlwa-abubungqina, obunakho ukukhonza iminyaka eyi-15 ukuya kuma-20 phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo zangaphandle.

 

 

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba sesichengeni -ixesha elide kwimitha yeultraviolet etshisayo kuya kubangela ukutshova kunye nokuqhekeka; amaqokobhe angenawo-izinto zokugquma ukuguga angaqhekeka kwaye avuze emva kweminyaka eli-10. I-Pultruded anti{4}}i-corrosion fiberglass inikezela ukumelana nemozulu ephezulu, kunye{5}}nemifuziselo ekumgangatho ophezulu enikezela ubomi benkonzo ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-30.

 

Ishushu -dip galvanized carbon steel iza ngexabiso eliphantsi, ehlala iminyaka eyi-10 ukuya kweli-15 kwimizi-mveliso eqhelekileyo enamanzi acocekileyo ajikelezayo, ukanti ubomi bayo benkonzo buya kucuthwa ngokuthe ngqo phantsi komgangatho ombi wamanzi aneeyoni zekloridi ezigqithisileyo.

 

I-304 yensimbi engenasici ihambelana neemeko zoshishino jikelele kunye nobomi benkonzo ye-20-25 yeminyaka, ngelixa i-316L yensimbi engenasici ivelele kwi-salt spray kunye ne-chemical corrosion resistance, eyenza ukusebenza okuzinzile ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-20 naphantsi kweemeko zokusebenza ezinzima.

 

Iifreyimu ezinkulu zekhonkrithi kwiinqaba zokupholisa zemizi-mveliso zinokomelela okuphezulu kunye nobomi obuyilwe benkonzo obuyi-30 ukuya kwi-50 iminyaka, efuna kuphela ukutshintshwa rhoqo kunye nokugcinwa kokuzaliswa kwangaphakathi kunye nemibhobho yesinyithi. Iinjini zeefeni, iibheringi kunye neegaskets zizinto zokunxiba ngokubanzi.

 

Nokuba umzimba wenqaba uhlala unjalo, iinjini zidinga ukuhlolwa okanye ukutshintshwa rhoqo emva kweminyaka eyi-8 ukuya kwe-10, kwaye iibheringi kufuneka zizaliswe ngesithambiso rhoqo emva kweminyaka emi-3; ngaphandle koko, ingxolo engaqhelekanga kunye nokungcangcazela kuya kwenzeka kwaye kukhawulezise ukunxitywa kwesixhobo sonke.

 

 

 

 

 

Iimeko zokusebenza zinciphisa ngokuthe ngqo okanye zandisa ubomi benkonzo yezixhobo. Iifektri ezinamanzi-ezinobushushu obuphezulu bexesha elide, amanzi ajikelezayo angacocwanga angacocwanga, uthuli olunzima, isitshizi setyuwa kunye nerhasi yenkunkuma yeekhemikhali ingqina ukuphinda-phindeka komhlwa nokunyuka.

 

Ukusebenza ixesha elide-namanzi aqinileyo enza i-limescale engqindilili kwiikhoyili kunye nokuzalisa, nto leyo enciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle kokutshintshiselana kobushushu kwaye ibangele ukuhlwa koxinzelelo lwasekhaya. Iiyoni zekloridi eziphuma kwirhasi yenkunkuma yemichiza nomoya wolwandle oselunxwemeni zihlala zikhukulisa iinxalenye zesinyithi.

 

Iinqaba zokupholisa ngaphandle kwethamo yeekhemikhali zamanzi kunye neenkqubo zokuhluza ezisecaleni ziya kuphulukana{0}}nesinye kwisithathu sobomi bazo benkonzo bubonke. Ngokuchasene noko, izixhobo zangaphakathi okanye iifektri eziqhelekileyo ezinomgangatho wamanzi ozinzile, ubushushu bamanzi angaphakathi aphakathi kunye neendawo ezingqongileyo ezicocekileyo zibona ukuthotywa kwezixhobo ezicothayo, kwaye uninzi lweeyunithi zinokufikelela okanye zigqithise ubomi bazo obuyilelweyo.

 

 

 

 

Ukugcinwa kwemihla ngemihla kubalulekile ukufezekisa ubomi benkonzo obuyiliweyo, kwaye ukungonelanga kokugcinwa kuya kukhokelela ekukhutshweni kwangaphambili kwezixhobo. Ugcino olusemgangathweni luquka iimodyuli ezine: ulawulo lomgangatho wamanzi, ukucocwa rhoqo, ukuchasana{1}}nokonakala kwesakhiwo kunye nokhuseleko lwamaxesha onyaka.

 

 

Ixabiso le-pH yamanzi kunye nokuqina kuya kuhlolwa ngenyanga, isikali kunye ne-corrosion inhibitors iya kuthamo, kwaye i-blowdown iya kwenziwa rhoqo ukunciphisa umlinganiselo woxinzelelo. Ukuzaliswa kuya kugungxulwa, udaka kwizitya zamanzi lususwe kwaye imilomo yokutshiza ingavalwa rhoqo ngekota.

 

Izakhiwo zentsimbi ziya kuhlolelwa ukususwa komhlwa kunye nokupeyintwa kwakhona, kunye neentanda kwi-fiberglass shells zilungiswe ngonyaka. Amanzi ashiyekileyo aya kugalelwa kwaye afakwe isithinteli-mkhenkce ebusika ukuthintela ukuqhekeka kwemibhobho.

 

-ixesha elide lokunqongophala kokucoca kuya kubangela ukuvaleka kokuzalisa, ukugcwala kwemoto kunye nokugrumba kwefreyim. I-Fiberglass evulekileyo yeenqaba ezineminyaka eyi-15 yoyilo lobomi inokufuna ukutshintshwa ngokupheleleyo kwiminyaka eyi-8 phantsi kweemeko ezinzima zokusebenza.

 

 

 

 

Ngokusekwe kwizenzo zobunjineli bemizi-mveliso, ubomi benkonzo obusemgangathweni bolungelelwaniso olusemgangathweni kwiifektri ngokubanzi bunjengoku kulandelayo: iinqaba zokupholisa ezivulekileyo zefiberglass ezigcinwe ngokufanelekileyo zinokusebenza iminyaka eyi-12 ukuya kweli-18, kwaye kushushu-diphu iinqaba ezivulekileyo zentsimbi evulekileyo iminyaka eyi-8 ukuya kweli-15; iinqaba zokupholisa ezivaliweyo ezine-304 iikhoyili zensimbi ezingenasici ziqhuba ngokuzinzileyo iminyaka eyi-20 ukuya kwengama-25, ngelixa i-anti-i-corrosion evaliweyo iinqaba ezithatha i-316L yentsimbi engenasici ifezekisa ubomi benkonzo engama-25 ukuya kuma-30 eminyaka.

 

 

 

 

Xa besenza izigqibo zokuthengwa kwempahla, abathengi akufuneki bagxininise kuphela kwiindleko zokuthenga okokuqala. Izixhobo ezihambelana nendawo yenkonzo ziya kukhethwa kunye nezicwangciso zogcino olusemgangathweni. Oku akunako nje ukwandisa umjikelo wenkonzo wesixhobo, kodwa kwakhona kucuthe iindleko ezibanzi ezivela ekutshintshweni rhoqo kwezixhobo kunye nokugcinwa kokuvalwa.