Lithini Iindleko zeNqaba yokuPholisa yeeToni ezingama-500?

500{1}}iitoni zokupholisa iitoni ziwela kwiindidi ezimbini eziphambili: uhlobo oluvulekileyo lweenqaba zokupholisa zeFRP kunyeivaliwe-iindawo zokupholisa zesekethi. Kwimarike yemizi-mveliso yaseTshayina ngo-2026, kukho umahluko omkhulu kwixabiso elipheleleyo-lomjikelo wobomi oquka izixhobo zokusebenza, iinxalenye ezixhasayo, ufakelo kunye nokusebenza kunye nokugcinwa. Iindleko ezipheleleyo zeprojekthi ziya kubalwa ngokusekwe kwiimeko zokwenene zokusebenza phambi kokuthengwa kwempahla, endaweni yokuthelekisa njeamaxabiso eyunithi.

 

 

I. IiNdleko eziSisiseko ze-500-Ton Open Cooling Towers (yeMbindi woMoya kunye noVeliso ngokuBanzi)

 

 

• Umzi-mveliso ongenanto yexabiso lomnqamlezo oqhelekileyo -womqukuqelo / wokubala{1}}uhambaI-FRP ye-500 yeetoni ezivulekileyo zokupholisa iinqabaukusuka kwi-RMB 120,000 ukuya kwi-220,000, kunye nemilinganiselo ecacileyo yeendleko zezinto eziphambili:Izindlu ze-FRP, ii-filling kunye ne-drift eliminatorsakhawunti malunga ne-35%; abalandeli, abanciphisi kunye neenjini ezisemgangathweni zikazwelonke zithatha i-30%; iinkqubo zokuhambisa amanzi, iziseko zentsimbi kunyeizixhobo zevalvebenza i-20%; ukucubungula abasebenzi, ukupeyinta, ukuhlola, ukupakishwa kunye nolungiselelo lolungiselelo luthatha i-15%.

 

 

• Iimveliso ezisezantsi-ezisuka kubavelisi abancinci zamkela iFRP ecekethekileyo, imathiriyeli yokuzalisa ephinda isetyenziswe kunye{1}}neemotor ezingezizo eziqhelekileyo, ezihlisa ixabiso leyunithi ukuya kutsho malunga ne-RMB 120,000. Nangona kunjalo, izigcwalisi zabo zidla ngokuguga kwisithuba seminyaka emi-3 kwaye iimoto zisebenzisa amandla agqithisileyo. Iimpawu eziphambili zinezindlu ezityebileyo,I-PVC enyulu iyazalisa kwaye iphantsi-inguquko yengxolo-imotor, kunye namaxabiso eyunithi angenanto ngokubanzi phakathi kwe-RMB 180,000 kunye ne-220,000.

 

 

• Iyonkekwi-indleko yokuhanjiswa kwesayithiziquka ezothutho, ukunyusa, imibhobho, imisebenzi yombane kunye nolwakhiwo lwesiseko, okuphawula ukonyuka kweendleko zizonke ngama-25% ukuya kuma-40%. Ufakelo oluqhelekileyo lomhlaba kwizakhiwo zefektri, iindleko ezipheleleyo zokuhanjiswa kwesethi zivela kwi-RMB 160,000 ukuya kwi-300,000.

 

 

• Kuphahla oluphezulu{0}}lokunyuselwa phezulu, ukuxhasaezahlukeneyo-iikhabhathi zolawulo lwamaxesha ngamaxeshakunye nokulungiswa kwemibhobho ejikelezayo, ixabiso lilonke linokufikelela kwi-RMB 320,000. Iindleko ezifihlakeleyo zexesha elide azinakuhoywa: iinqaba ezivulekileyo zifumana ilahleko enkulu yokukhukuliseka kwamanzi, oko kusenzeka kwiindleko zonyaka ze-RMB 12,000 ukuya kwi-20,000 kumatyala amanzi, iikhemikhali zokucocwa kwamanzi kunye nokugcinwa kokufakela indawo yokuhluza,iminyaka elishumi{0}yeendleko zokulungisangaphezulu kwe-RMB 150,000.

II. IiNdleko eziBanzi zeeToni ezingama-500 ezivaliweyo zokupholisa (kwiShishini leMichiza, amandla amatsha, izixhobo ezichanekileyo kunye namaZiko eeNkcukacha zeKhompyutha)

 

• Izakhiwo zokupholisa ezivaliweyo ziza nezakhelwe-ngaphakathiiikhoyili zokutshintsha ubushushu, ukuqhuba iindleko zezinto eziphathekayo kakhulu. Umzi-mveliso wabo ongenanto amaxabiso avela kwi-RMB 320,000 ukuya kwi-650,000, kwaye iikhoyili zisebenza njengenxalenye yeendleko ezingundoqo, zibalelwa kwi-40% ukuya kwi-50% yeendleko zeyunithi iyonke.

• Iimodeli ezisezantsi{0}} ngeiikhoyili zentsimbi yekhabhoniixabiso le-RMB 320,000–400,000, lilungele iimeko zokusebenza zamanzi acocekileyo zesiqhelo{4}}. Phakathi{6}}noluhlu lweeyunithi nge304 iikhoyili zentsimbi engenasiciamaxabiso akwi-RMB 420,000–550,000 ngamanzi anokonakalisa kancinci.

 

 

 

• Phezulu -isiphelo esichase ngokupheleleyo{1}inguqulelo zomhlwa ngeI-316L iikhoyili zensimbi ezingenasiciixabiso RMB 580,000–650,000, isicelo kwiindawo inkungu yetyuwa elunxwemeni kunye neekhemikhali inkunkuma ulwelo iimeko zokupholisa.

 

 

 

• Izindlu ezenziwei-magnesium-i-aluminiyam{1}}iipleyiti eziqatywe izinkiphakamisa iindleko nge-10% xa kuthelekiswa neepleyiti zentsimbi eziqhelekileyo, ngelixa izindlu ezigcweleyo ezingenasici zongeza enye i-15% kwixabiso lilonke.

 

 

 

• Iinkqubo zamandla nazo zichaphazela iindleko zizonke: isisekorhoqo-imifuziselo yeefeni zesantyaixabiso eliphantsi, ngelixa amandla{0}}eyonga umahluko-iiyunithi zefrikhwensi zithwala i-20% yexabiso leprimiyamu yeenjini kunye neenkqubo zolawulo lombane, kodwa zicuthe ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ngonyaka nge-30% ukubuyisela umahluko wexabiso phakathi kweminyaka emi-2 ukuya kwemi-3.

 

• Ukhethoulawulo lobushushu obukrelekrele, inqanaba ulwelo uqhagamshelwano kunye neemodyuli esweni kudeyongeza enye i-RMB engama-30,000 ukuya kuma-60,000. Iphakheji epheleleyo yonikezelo equka ukunyuswa, ukubhobhoza, ukuhanjiswa kwamandla,-ukubola kunye nokugqunyelelwa kwe-thermal kuzisa iindleko ezipheleleyo zeprojekthi kwi-RMB 450,000–850,000.

 

• Iinqaba ezivaliweyo zisebenza ngeukujikeleza okutywiniweyo kunye nezinga lokonga amanzingaphezu kwe-90%, ukunciphisa kakhulu ukuphindaphinda kokuzaliswa kweekhemikhali kunye nokutshintshwa kwefayili. Iindleko zonyaka zokulungisa zime kuphela kwi-RMB 4,000 ukuya kwi-8,000, zinikezela ngeendleko eziphezulu-zexesha elide xa zithelekiswa neenqaba zokupholisa ezivulekileyo.

III. Imiba ePhambili echaphazela ixabiso le-500-Ton Cooling Towers

 

Ekuqaleni,ibakala lemathiriyeli. Iimfuno eziphezulu zokuchasana{1}}nomhlwa zikhokelela ekunyukeni kweendleko ezinkulu. Iiprojekthi zemichiza kunye nezonxweme zibeka phambili{3}izinga eliphezulu lentsimbi engenastainless; nangona utyalo-mali oluphezulu, ubomi benkonzo yezixhobo bandiswa kakhulu.

Isibini, ulungelelwaniso lobuchule bombane.Iyaguquguquka -isiqhelo, -amandla engxolo ephantsi{2}}amandla okugcina anamaxabiso aphezulu angenanto kodwa inkcitho yombane iyayicutha. Isithathu,iimfuno ezilungiselelweyo. Unciphiso lwesithuba, amaqonga anyusiweyo,{1}}iinjini ezingqina uqhushumbo kunye -nezixhobo zokunqanda ubushushu obuphantsi{3}}zomkhenkce zonke iindleko zokunyusa nge-5% ukuya kwi-15%. Okwesine, amajelo okuthenga.

Ixabiso eliphantsi-iiyunithi ezingenanto ezisuka kwiifektri ezincinci neziphakathi zokusetyenzwa azibandakanyi emva{1}}kweenkonzo zentengiso, ngelixa uqikelelo olusuka phezulu{2}}kuluhlu lweebhrendi lugubungela{3}iwaranti yeminyaka emithathu kunye{4}}nogunyaziso lwesiza, lunikezela ngeendleko eziphezulu zokusebenza.

 

 

IV. IsiShwankathelo soQhathaniso lweendleko ezipheleleyo-zomjikelo wobomi

 

 

 

Itoni ezingama-500{1}}ezitoni zokupholisa ezivulekileyo zomoya osembindini kwiindibano zocweyo eziqhelekileyo zifuna{4}}utyalo-mali lonikezelo lwexesha elinye malunga ne-RMB 200,000, kunye netotali yenkcitho yeminyaka elishumi emalunga ne-RMB 350,000.

 

Umgangatho wokupholisa wetoni ezingama-500-etoni evaliweyo eyamkelwa ngamandla amatsha kunye nemizi-mveliso yokulungiswa kokuchaneka ixabisa malunga ne-RMB 500,000 yokuhanjiswa okupheleleyo, kunye netotali yeminyaka elishumi yotyalo-mali olubanzi olubetha i-RMB 600,000.

 

Ngexesha elifutshane, iinqaba ezivulekileyo zibonisa iindleko eziphantsi zokuthengwa kwempahla, kodwa ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi okugqithisileyo kunye nokulungiswa rhoqo kunyusa iindleko zexesha elide. Iinqaba ezivaliweyo zithwala phezuluiindleko zokuthenga kokuqala, kodwa wonga amanzi, afuna ukulungiswa okuncinci kunye nokukhusela umgangatho wamanzi wenkqubo, iwenza alungele imigca yemveliso yexabiso ephezulu{0}}eqhubekayo.

 

 

Xa ukhetha iimodeli zeenqaba zokupholisa, amashishini akayi kugxila kuphela kumaxabiso okuthenga izixhobo, kodwa abale iindleko ezipheleleyo eziquka amanzi, umbane, ulondolozo kunyeilahleko yexesha lokunciphisa imvelisokwisithuba seminyaka elishumi, ukunqanda inkcitho eyongezelelweyo eqhubekayo kwisixhobo{0} samaxabiso aphantsi kwizigaba zokusebenza zamva.