Kufuneka zicocwe kangaphi iiTowers zokupholisa?

Akukho mgangatho omiselweyo odibeneyo wokucoca imijikelo yokupholisa inqaba epholileyo, emiselwa ngokukodwa yimiba emihlanu ephambili: uhlobo lwezixhobo, imeko yesicelo, indawo engqongileyo, umgangatho wamanzi kunye nomthwalo wokusebenza. Umsebenzi wokucoca uwela kumanqanaba amathathu: ukucocwa okulula kwemihla ngemihla, ukugungxulwa komphezulu ngekota kunye nocociso olunzulu lonyaka olupheleleyo.

 

Imijikelezo yokucoca esemgangathweni inokugcina ukusebenza kakuhle kokutshintshisana kobushushu, ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla, ukuthintela ukukhula kwe-legionella kunye ne-algae, kunye nokuthobela ucoceko lwelizwe kunye nemimiselo yamanzi ejikelezayo. Oku kulandelayo kuchaza ngokucacileyo ukucoca i-frequencies ngohlobo lwesixhobo kunye neemeko zokusebenza.

 

 

 

Okokuqala, iinqaba zokupholisa ezivulekileyo ziyahlalutywa. Amanzi abo okutshiza adibanisa ngqo nomoya, ngoko ke uthuli, i-pollen, amabala e-oyile kunye ne-microorganisms ziwangcolisa ngokulula amanzi, okukhokelela kungcoliseko olukhawulezayo kunye neyona ndawo iphakamileyo yokucoca. Ngokuhambelana nomgangatho wesizweIiNgcaciso zoCoceko kwiiNkqubo zoMbindi wokuPhumelela komoya kwiiNdawo zoLuntu,iinqaba zokupholisa ezivulekileyo zokupholisa umoya kumbindi worhwebo kufuneka zicocwe nzulu kanye ngonyaka ubuncinane, eyona mfuno isezantsi yokuthotyelwa.

 

Kwiindawo eziphantsi-zongcoliseko olufana nezakhiwo zeeofisi, iivenkile ezinkulu kunye neehotele, ukugungxulwa komphezulu kuyacetyiswa rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezintandathu ukususa udaka kwizitya zokuqokelelwa kwamanzi, ukukhupha imilomo yokutshiza evalekileyo kunye nokuhlamba i-algae kwindawo yokupakisha.

 

Kanye ngonyaka, inqaba iya kuvalwa ukuze ikhutshwe ngokupheleleyo, i-asidi ihlanjululwe kunye nokuvala inzala. Ukuba inqaba ikwimimandla yemizi-mveliso, imimandla yemigodi, iindawo zokutshiza ityuwa elunxwemeni okanye iindlela ezinothuli, uthuli oluninzi oluphuma emoyeni kunye namasuntswana adlayo avala lula ukupakisha. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, imijikelo yokucoca umphezulu iya kucuthwa ukuya rhoqo kwiinyanga ezintathu, kunye nokususwa okunzulu kunye nokubulawa kweentsholongwane rhoqo kwiinyanga ezintandathu.

 

Iinqaba zokupholisa ezivulekileyo eziqhubekayo ngeenjongo zemizi-mveliso zijongene neemeko zokusebenza ezinzima. Imigca yokuvelisa ubunjineli bemichiza, ukucutshungulwa komatshini kunye nesinyithi isebenza i-24/7, kwaye amanzi ajikelezayo athambekele ekuxubeni kunye neentsimbi zetsimbi kunye neoli yokusika. I-calcium egxininisiweyo kunye ne-magnesium ion emanzini ikhawulezisa ukukala.

 

Umgangatho weshishini ngokubanzi ufuna ukucocwa komphezulu rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezintathu kunye nokuhlanjululwa okupheleleyo kokucoca okunzulu ubuncinane kabini ngonyaka. Phantsi-umthwalo ophezulu kunye neemeko zokusebenza{2}}eziphezulu zobushushu, inkqubo yokuhanjiswa kwamanzi kunye nesitya sodaka sinokucocwa rhoqo kwiinyanga ezimbini.

 

Izibhedlele, iifektri zamachiza kunye namaziko edatha ziindawo ezinomngcipheko ophezulu wococeko kunye neemfuno ezingqongqo zolawulo lwe-microbial.

 

Ukuhlolwa komgangatho wamanzi kuya kwenziwa ngenyanga, kwaye ukucocwa okupheleleyo kunye nokubulala iintsholongwane kuphunyezwe kwikota nganye ukumisa ukuveliswa kwe-legionella kunye nokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lokusingqongileyo.

 

 

Iinqaba zokupholisa ezivaliweyo zibonisa imidiya ejikelezayo evalwe ngokupheleleyo. I-Ethylene glycol okanye amanzi acocekileyo ngaphakathi kwee-coil zokutshintshiselana kobushushu aziqhagamshelani nomoya ongaphandle, ukunciphisa kakhulu ukungcola, ukwandisa imijikelezo yokucoca kunye nokunciphisa iindleko zokusebenza kunye nokugcinwa. Inkqubo yokutshiza yangaphandle kunye nokupakishwa kubonakaliswe emoyeni; ukugungxulwa komphezulu kanye ngonyaka kucetyiswa ukuba kususwe uthuli oluncanyathiselweyo. Iikhoyili zokutshintshiselana kobushushu bangaphakathi zifuna kuphela ukuchithwa kunye nokuhla kweekhemikhali rhoqo kwiminyaka emibini ukuya kwemithathu.

 

Kwiifektri ezinothuli olunzima okanye iindawo eziselunxwemeni ezivezwe kwisitshizi setyuwa eninzi, ukupakishwa kwangaphandle kunokugungxulwa rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezintandathu. Ukucocwa rhoqo kwe-asidi yeekhoyili zangaphakathi akuyomfuneko; ukuvavanywa rhoqo komgangatho wamanzi kunye ne-corrosion inhibitors ezongezelelweyo zinokunciphisa kakhulu ixesha lokucoca, zilungele iindibano zocweyo zemveliso ezingayekiyo{1}.

 

 

Ngaphandle kwemijikelezo emiselweyo, ukucocwa okulula kwesiqhelo kufuneka kuphunyezwe rhoqo njengesongezelelo ekucoceni okunzulu. Isihluzo sokungena kwamanzi sazo zonke iinqaba zokupholisa ziyakucocwa qho ngeveki ukuze kuthintelwe amagqabi awileyo kunye nobutyobo beplastiki.

 

Imilomo yezitshizi kunye nezinqamli zamanzi ziya kuhlolwa inyanga nenyanga ukucoca imiqobo emincinci. Iimvavanyo zenyanga zobunzima bamanzi kunye nexabiso le-pH zivumela idosi ekujoliswe kuyo ye-algaecides kunye ne-scale inhibitors, ukunciphisa ukuqokelelwa kokungcola kumthombo kunye nokwandisa ixesha phakathi kokucoca ngokunzulu ngokupheleleyo.

 

 

IiMicroorganisms ziphindaphindeka kabini ngokukhawuleza ehlotyeni, zifuna ukonyuka kwamatyeli okuthafa kweekhemikhali kunye nemijikelo emifutshane yokucoca umphezulu. Amaqondo obushushu asezantsi ebusika acothisa ukusebenza kweebhaktheriya kunye ne-algae, ngoko ke amaxesha okugungxula angolulwa ngokuphakathi. Nangona kunjalo, onke amanzi ashiyekileyo kufuneka akhutshwe kwaye ukubulawa kweentsholongwane kugqitywe phambi kokuba kuvalwe ebusika.

 

 

Ukuvalwa kwangoko kunye nokucocwa kunyanzelekile nje ukuba kuvele ezi mpawu zilandelayo ezingaqhelekanga, ngaphandle kokulinda imijikelo ecwangcisiweyo: iqondo lobushushu lendawo yokupholisa lendawo yokupholisa liyenyuka ngaphezu kwe-3℃ngaphezulu kwexabiso loyilo, kwaye ukusebenza kakuhle kokupholisa kwehla ngokubonakalayo phantsi kwamandla afanayo afeni; i-algae eluhlaza kunye ne-biological slime emnyama ibonakala kwiitya kunye nokupakisha; amanzi ajika ajike abe nevumba elibi; ukusetyenziswa kwamandla empompo kunyuka ngaphezulu kwe-10%, kwaye imibhobho kunye nabatshintshisi bobushushu bavaleka rhoqo.Yonke i-0.1 mm yokunyuka kobunzima bokungcola kunciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle kokutshintshisana kobushushu nge-5% ukuya kwi-8%. Ukucoca okulibazisekileyo kukhawulezisa ukupakisha ukuguga kunye nokubola kweqokobhe, kunciphisa ubomi benkonzo yezixhobo kakhulu kwaye kuzisa imingcipheko efihlakeleyo yokusasazeka kwebhaktiriya.

 

Amashishini amaninzi abambe uluvo olugwenxa ekusebenzeni nasekulondolozweni kokuba imichiza yokucoca amanzi inokuphelisa isidingo sokucoca ixesha elide-. Iikhemikhali zicotha kuphela ukukala kwaye zinqanda iintsholongwane, kodwa azikwazi ukususa i-sludge eqokelelweyo, i-limescale eqinile kunye ne-slime endala.

 

{0}}ixesha elide idosi yeekhemikhali ngaphandle kokucoca ibangela ukuwa kwepakethe kunye nejem yenkqubo yokuhanjiswa kwamanzi, ekugqibeleni ibangele ukuvalwa kobushushu bezixhobo eziphambili kunye nelahleko enkulu yemveliso.

 

Ukusebenza nokugcinwa kwenzululwazi kwamkela imodeli edityanisiweyo "yokuhlolwa kwemihla ngemihla + ukugungxulwa komphezulu wekota + ukucocwa nzulu konyaka", kunye nemijikelo ehlengahlengiswayo ngokusekwe -kwindawo ezingqongileyo.

 

 

Isishwankathelo, imijikelo yokucoca yahlulwe ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: iinqaba ezivulekileyo zorhwebo zifumana ukucocwa komphezulu rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezintandathu kunye nokucocwa ngokunzulu ngonyaka, ukucocwa komphezulu kufinyelelwe kuzo zonke iinyanga ezintathu kwiindawo ezinothuli; iimboniselo ezivulekileyo zemizi-mveliso zicocwa ngokupheleleyo ngekota, kwaye iindawo zococeko eziphezulu{0}}zibulala iintsholongwane kwikota nganye.

 

Iinqaba ezivaliweyo zigungxulwa ngaphandle kanye ngonyaka kwaye ikhoyili yangaphakathi iyancipha rhoqo emva kweminyaka emibini ukuya kwemithathu. Ukucocwa kohluzo lweveki kunye novavanyo lomgangatho wamanzi wenyanga yimfuneko. Iishedyuli zokucoca ziya kulungelelaniswa ngokuguquguqukayo ngokomgangatho wamanzi kunye nokusebenza kokupholisa ukulinganisela ukusebenza kakuhle kwesixhobo, ukhuseleko lococeko kunye neendleko{2}}zokugcinwa kwexesha elide.