Inqaba yokupholisa

Umgaqo wokuSebenza weNqaba yokuPholisa

Inkcazo yeNqaba yokupholisa

Inqaba yokupholisa sisixhobo esisebenzisa amanzi njengesipholisi esijikelezayo. Ifunxa ubushushu kwisixokelelwano kwaye ibukhuphele emoyeni ukuthoba ubushushu bamanzi. Inkqubo yokupholisa kwayo ixhomekeke kumoya wokuba ngumphunga wamanzi, okwenza ukuba amanzi apholise aphinde asetyenziswe kwaye kuncitshiswe inkcitho yeendleko ngokwembono yezoqoqosho.

UMgaqo wokupholisa

Inqaba yokupholisa itshiza amanzi ashushu kumphezulu wezinto zokuchitha ubushushu, ivumela ukuba idibane nomoya odlulayo. Ukutshintshiselana kobushushu okubonakalayo kwenzeka phakathi kwamanzi ashushu kunye nomoya obandayo, ngelixa inxalenye yamanzi ashushu ikhupha kwaye ikhuphe ubushushu obufihliweyo bokuphuma emoyeni. Amanzi apholileyo awela kwitanki yamanzi kwaye ampontshelwe kwisitshintshi sobushushu ukuze afunxe ubushushu kwakhona.

Imiba ephambili yokuKhethwa kweNqaba yokuPholisa

Olu lwazi lulandelayo luyafuneka xa ukhetha inqaba yokupholisa:

Isantya sokuhamba kwamanzi okujikelezayo;

Ubushushu bamanzi okungena (ashushu) kwinqaba yokupholisa;

Ubushushu bamanzi obuphuma (abandayo) kwinqaba yokupholisa;

Ubushushu bebhalbhu emanzi kwindawo yomoya;

Amandla ombane weMotor kunye namaxesha amaninzi;

Umgangatho wamanzi ojikelezayo;

Iimeko zokusingqongileyo kwendawo kunye nendawo ekhoyo;

Uhlobo olufunekayo lwenqaba.

Iimpawu zeNqaba yokupholisa

Isishwankathelo se-Counterflow Cooling Tower

Amanzi aqukuqela ukuya ezantsi ngokwendalo ngomxhuzulane kwizinto zokuchitha ubushushu, ngelixa umoya udlula ngokuthe tye kwizinto zokuphelisa ubushushu, udibana nokuhamba kwamanzi kwi-engile echanekileyo. Umnqamlezo - uyilo lokuhamba lunciphisa ukuxhathisa komoya kwaye lunikeze umthamo womoya omkhulu xa kuthelekiswa nohlobo lokuqukuqela.

Iimpawu

Uyilo -lokuhamba kunciphisa ukuxhathisa komoya kwaye konga amandla;

Inokuthi ihambelane noyilo oluxande lwezakhiwo kwisakhiwo sobuhle;

Yamkela{0}}uyilo oluphantsi lwengxolo, ithobela imigangatho yesizwe;

Izinto zokuphelisa ubushushu zisebenzisa i-vacuum forming design, ebonisa amandla aphezulu kunye nefuthe elihle lokutshatyalaliswa kobushushu;

Iibhleyidi zeefeni zamkela uyilo olubanzi lokuhamba, kunye nesantya esisezantsi sokujikeleza, umthamo womoya ophezulu kunye nengxolo ephantsi;

I-deflector yomoya wokuthulisa ifakwe phantsi kwediski ye-fan blade ukukhusela ukubuyisela umoya, ukwandisa umthamo womoya kunye nokunciphisa ingxolo yomoya;

Zixhotyiswe ngeengcango zokuhlola ukuze zihlolwe kwaye zigcinwe lula;

Inokufakwa ngokuhambelanayo, inikezela ukusetyenziswa okuguquguqukayo kunye nokonga amandla.

UkuKhethwa kweNqaba yokuPholisa

Ukupholisa aManyathelo oKhetho lweNqaba

1.1 Kuqala, misela iqondo lobushushu lamanzi angenayo kwinqaba yokupholisa ukuze ukhethe umgangatho-uhlobo, ophakathi{2}}ubushushu-uhlobo okanye{4}}ubushushu obuphezulu-uhlobo lwenqaba yokupholisa.

1.2 Misela iimfuno zengxolo ngokusekwe kwisixhobo esisetyenziswayo okanye{1}}kwimeko yesayithi, kwaye ukhethe nokuba yi-cross{2}}flow or counterflow cooling tower.

1.3 Khetha umyinge wokuhamba kwenqaba yokupholisa ngokwesantya sokuhamba kwamanzi okupholisa kwi-chiller okanye umatshini wefriji. Ngokuqhelekileyo, izinga lokuhamba kwenqaba yokupholisa kufuneka libe likhulu kunelo lomatshini wefriji (ngokuqhelekileyo amaxesha angama-1.2-1.25).

1.4 Xa iinqaba ezininzi zifakwe ngaxeshanye, zama ukukhetha imodeli efanayo yetower yokupholisa.

Amanqaku oKhetho lweNqaba yokuPholisa

2.1 Impahla yesakhiwo senqaba yenqaba yokupholisa kufuneka izinze, yomelele, ingadleki{1}}ixhathise kwaye idityaniswe ngokuchanekileyo.

2.2 Ukuhanjiswa kwamanzi okulinganayo, ukuhamba kodonga oluncinci, ukhetho olufanelekileyo lwezixhobo zokutshiza ezingenakukwazi ukuvala.

2.3 Uhlobo lokuzaliswa kwenqaba yokupholisa kufuneka luhlangabezane neemfuno zomgangatho wamanzi kunye nobushushu bamanzi.

2.4 Ifeni kufuneka ingqamane ngokufanelekileyo ukuqinisekisa{1}}ukusebenza kwexesha elide ngaphandle kokungcangcazela okanye ingxolo engaqhelekanga. Amagqabi kufuneka abe nokuxhathisa okulungileyo kokukhukuliseka kwamanzi kunye namandla awoneleyo. I-angle yokufakela i-fan blades iyahlengahlengiswa, kodwa ii-angles kufuneka zihambelane, kwaye i-motor current ayifanele idlule i-current rated current.

2.5 Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi kunye neendleko eziphantsi. Iinqaba zokupholisa zentsimbi ezincinci naphakathi{2}zinobungakanani beglasi nazo kufuneka zibe khaphukhaphu.

2.6 Inqaba yokupholisa kufuneka ithintelwe kangangoko kunokwenzeka kufutshane nemithombo yobushushu, inkunkuma yerhasi neendawo zokuvelisa irhasi engumbhobho, iindawo zokugcina imichiza kunye neemfumba zamalahle.

2.7 Umgama phakathi kweenqaba zokupholisa okanye phakathi kweenqaba kunye nezinye izakhiwo kufuneka ungathatheli ingqalelo kuphela iimfuno zokungena komoya zeenqaba kunye neempembelelo ezifanayo phakathi kweenqaba kunye nezakhiwo kodwa kunye nomgama wokhuseleko lomlilo kunye-nobungqina bokhuseleko lwezakhiwo kunye neemfuno zokwakha kunye nokugcinwa kweenqaba zokupholisa.

2.8 Isalathiso sombhobho wokungena kwinqaba yokupholisa inokujikelezwa ngama-90℃, 180℃okanye 270℃.

2.9 Izinto eziphathekayo zenqaba yokupholisa zinokumelana nokushisa okuphantsi kwe- - i-50℃, kodwa kwiindawo apho iqondo lokushisa eliqhelekileyo kwinyanga ebanda kakhulu lingaphantsi kwe-10℃, kufuneka licaciswe xa ubeka umyalelo wokuthatha amanyathelo okulwa ne-icing. Iindleko zenqaba yokupholisa ziya kunyuka malunga ne-3%.

2.10 I-turbidity yamanzi ajikelezayo akufanele idlule i-50mg / l, kwaye ingadluli kwi-100mg / l kwixesha elifutshane. Akufanele iqulathe amabala e-oyile okanye ukungcola komatshini. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, ukususwa kwe-algae kunye namanyathelo okuzinzisa umgangatho wamanzi kufuneka kuthathwe.

2.11 Inkqubo yokuhanjiswa kwamanzi iyilwe ngokomthamo wamanzi oqhelekileyo. Ukuba umthamo wamanzi wangempela uhluke ngaphezu kwe-±15% ukusuka kumthamo wamanzi oqhelekileyo, kufuneka ucaciswe xa ubeka umyalelo wokuguqula uyilo.

2.12 Ngexesha lokugcinwa kunye nokuthutha, akukho zinto ezinzima kufuneka zibekwe kumacandelo e-cooling tower, kwaye akufanele zibekwe kwilanga elithe ngqo. Ukuthintela umlilo kufuneka kuqatshelwe. Ngexesha lofakelo, ukuthutha kunye nokugcinwa kwenqaba yokupholisa, amadangatye avulekileyo afana ne-welding yombane kunye ne-gas welding akufanele isetyenziswe, kwaye i-firecrackers kunye ne-fireworks akufanele zimiswe kufuphi.

2.13 Kuyilo lweenqaba ezininzi ezijikelezileyo, umgama womnatha phakathi kweenqaba kufuneka ube ubuncinci amaxesha angama-0.5 ububanzi benqaba. I-Cross-iinqaba zokuqukuqela kunye ne-counterflow square towers zinokucwangciswa ngokuhambelana.

2.14 Impompo yamanzi ekhethiweyo kufuneka ihambelane nenqaba yokupholisa ukuqinisekisa iimfuno zenkqubo ezifana nesantya sokuhamba kunye nokuphakanyiswa.

2.15 Xa ukhetha iinqaba zokupholisa ezininzi, khetha imodeli efanayo kangangoko kunokwenzeka.

Isondlo

Amanzi amaninzi okupholisa ane-calcium ion, i-magnesium ion kunye ne-bicarbonates. Xa amanzi okupholisa ehamba phezu komhlaba wesinyithi, i-carbonate scale yenziwa. Ukongeza, ioksijini enyibilikisiweyo emanzini apholisayo inokubangela ukubola kwesinyithi kwaye yenze umhlwa. Ngenxa yokubunjwa kwe-rust kunye nesikali, ukutshintshiselana kobushushu kwinqaba yokupholisa kuncipha. Kwiimeko ezinzima, kuyimfuneko ukutshiza amanzi apholileyo ngaphandle kwegobolondo. Ukunyusa okubukhali kunokuthintela imibhobho kwaye yenze umphumo wokutshintshiselana kobushushu ungasebenzi. Idatha yophando ibonisa ukuba iidiphozithi zesikali zinempembelelo enkulu ekulahlekeni kokudluliselwa kobushushu. Ukunyuka kweediphozithi kuya kukhokelela kwiindleko eziphezulu zamandla. Nokuba umaleko obhityileyo wesikali unokunyusa iindleko zokusebenza zecandelo elilinganisiweyo lesixhobo ngaphezu kwe-40%. Ukugcina iziteshi zokupholisa zingenazo iidipozithi zamaminerali kunokuphucula ngokufanelekileyo ukusebenza kakuhle, ukonga amandla, ukwandisa ubomi benkonzo yezixhobo, kwaye ugcine ixesha lokuvelisa kunye neendleko. Ixesha elide, iindlela zokucoca zemveli ezifana neendlela zoomatshini (ukukrwela, ukuxukuxa),{11}}uxinzelelo lwamanzi aphezulu, kunye nokucoca imichiza (ukukha) baye badibana neengxaki ezininzi xa becoca izixhobo: abanako ukususa ngokupheleleyo isikali kunye nezinye iidiphozithi, isisombululo se-asidi siyonakalisa izixhobo zokwenza imingxunya, kunye ne-asidi eshiyekileyo ibangela ukubola kwesibini okanye ngaphantsi kwe-corrosion kwi-scale corrosion. Ukongeza, ulwelo lwenkunkuma yokucoca luyityhefu kwaye lufuna imali eninzi yokucoca amanzi amdaka.